Ketones and Aldehydes

Synthesis from primary alcohols I: PCC and PDC oxidation

Synthesis from primary alcohols II: Swern oxidation

Synthesis from primary alcohols III: Dess-Martin Periodinane (DMP) Oxidation

Synthesis from acid halides

Synthesis from esters

Synthesis from nitriles

Synthesis from alkenes

Synthesis from alkynes

Synthesis from benzylic and allylic oxidation

Synthesis of ketones from Friedel-Crafts acylation

Ketone and aldehyde hydration

Acetal formation

Thioacetal formation

Imine formation

Enamine formation

Oxime formation

Hydrazone formation

Reductive amination

Reduction to alcohols

Reduction to alkanes I: Wolff-Kishner reduction

Reduction to alkanes II: Clemmensen reduction

Reduction to alkanes III: reduction of thioacetals

Oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids

Addition of Grignard reagents

Addition of organolithium reagents

Cyanohydrin formation

Olefination I: Wittig reaction

Olefination II: stabilized Wittig reaction

Olefination III: Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) reaction

Baeyer-Villiger oxidation

1,4-Conjugate additions to alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyls